The total number of cultivars of bananas and plantains has been estimated to be anything from around 300 to more than 1000. To actually identify the variety usually involves keying the different properties of the plant, including the flowers and fruit. She has an Associate of Arts from Rogue Community College with a certificate in computer information systems. Forty million years ago, banana trees were also native to North America as far north as Oregon, so they certainly should be included in your native plant garden. Some ornamental banana tree species grow into large specimens and cannot be grown inside, so they must be protected in the landscape during winter. Lady's Finger bananas are smaller and sweeter than the ubiquitous longer, … However, by inducing mutations through various means, it is possible to produce plants which differ slightly from the "parent" plant and from each other ("somaclonal variations"). They are classified into groups according to a genome-based system introduced by Ernest Cheesman, Norman Simmonds, and Ken Shepherd, which indicates the degree of genetic inheritance from the two wild parents and the number of chromosomes (ploidy). The drooping flower stalks are covered with showy powdery purple bracts. The second is relationship to the two ancestral species, which may be determined by genetic analysis or by a scoring system devised by Simmonds and Shepherd. Each character is given a score between one and five according to whether it is typical of M. acuminata or of M. babisiana or is in between. They considered a further 81 cultivars to be unique to one country. The leaves are green on top, but colored with bronze underneath. ", "Study of Genetic and Phenotypic Variability among Somaclones Induced by BAP and TDZ in Micropropagated Shoot Tips of Banana (, https://c7ffb518-a-62cb3a1a-s-sites.googlegroups.com/site/12themadrasagriculturaljournal/home/97-4-6/97-4-6-106-109.pdf?attachauth=ANoY7cogvO21wmo77KbSYlmu6YQavlHtZC0pnfrkfNbYE3RGqiyCosSNb2QfFLfhANtJLBF7fqGmrQvz33i4UZDNmW1SauEPlUwG0QkoWAMczV3MZ2JE9h7cqG6S6p70QD6ZL3jU5TO4nnqLpaxn6LAmNPUS7c9TV-S0D77DCpCjrR4nrH8KLpsNvSkz10tEbUqgTCRAs_bpUqPpaOJNAXilNttdAOjmz-5DMtRU_9YS6On7FZt9NGaUmWWo5KPc0VrIn1BNhgnV&attredirects=0, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_banana_cultivars&oldid=983556303, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Erect edge, with scarred inferior leaves, not against the pseudostem, Closed edge, without leaves, against the pseudostem, The bract raises without bending behind the opening, Lance- or egg-shaped, tapering markedly after the bend, Dark red or yellow on the outside, opaque purple or yellow on the inside, Brown-purple on the outside, crimson on the inside, The inside of the bract is more bright toward the base, Formosana (GCTCV-218), a variant with some resistance to, This page was last edited on 14 October 2020, at 22:16. Diploid Musa acuminata, both wild banana plants and cultivars, Triploid Musa acuminata, both wild banana plants and cultivars, Tetraploid Musa acuminata, both wild bananas and cultivars, Tetraploid cultivars of Musa × paradisiaca, Triploid cultivars of Musa × paradisiaca. Lady's Finger Bananas. listed equivalent local names for 68 cultivars across five Southeast Asian countries (the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam), together with their internationally used names. Many other names are synonyms of cultivars grown in the same or different countries. For example, there are small red bananas, long plump green bananas, purple bananas, and chubby baby bananas that are only 3” (7.5 cm) long. Certain types of bananas are grown strictly as ornamentals (see Ensete ventricosum and Musa), but even fruiting types make bold and striking garden plants. © Copyright 2020 Hearst Communications, Inc. In 2000, Valmayor et al. Musa balbisiana. Names are highly confused, even within a single country. This is the name given to all ... Musa acuminata. By growing on these somaclones and selecting those with desirable features, new cultivars can be produced which are very similar to an existing cultivar, but differ in one or two features, such as disease resistance. However, the cultivars 'Silk' and 'Pome', both classified in the AAB Group, scored 26 and 46 respectively. Musa AAA Group (Cavendish Subgroup) 'Robusta'. However, this approach proved inadequate to deal with the large number of cultivated varieties (cultivars) which were discovered, and many of the names later proved to be synonyms. [1] In 2007, Ploetz et al. This group contains the Plantain subgroup, composed of "true" plantains or African Plantains - whose centre of diversity is Central and West Africa, where a large number of cultivars were domesticated following the introduction of ancestral Plantains from Asia, possibly 2000–3000 years ago. Within groups, cultivars may be divided into subgroups and then given a cultivar name, e.g. Other lines of evidence suggest a more complex genome structure is present in other banana cultivars, so the group names should not be taken at face value. There are around 1,000 varieties of bananas in different sizes, shapes, and even colors. [3] This approach foreshadowed the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants which, in addition to using Latin names based on the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, gives cultivars names in a currently spoken language, enclosed in single quotes, and organizes them into "cultivar groups", also not given Latin names. PlantzAfrica.com: Ensete Ventricosum (Welw.) Cultivated bananas are almost always seedless (parthenocarpic) and hence sterile, so they are propagated vegetatively (cloned). International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, "Nomenclature system for cultivated bananas", "Did backcrossing contribute to the origin of hybrid edible bananas? Almost all modern cultivated varieties (cultivars) of edible bananas and plantains are hybrids and polyploids of two wild, seeded banana species, Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana. Sun Exposure: Full sun: Soil Type: Rich, well-drained soil. [9] Attempts have been made to create lists of synonyms. A cultivar is scored on 15 characters, chosen because they differ between the two species. It is not a species in itself but a set of hybrids and cultivars of Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana . Musa ingens. In USDA plant hardiness zones 5 through 11, this banana grows 2 feet a week until reaching its mature height. As an example, for the widely grown cultivar 'Dwarf Cavendish', they gave 58 synonyms from 29 different countries or geographical areas. Some are seed grown, which are strictly ornamental while others are grown from corms which develop from the parent plant. These bananas are the most common variety, easily available in supermarkets in the United States. Decorative. There are several hundred different varieties and hybrid types of bananas. The AAB Group, for example, comprises triploid cultivars with more genetic inheritance from M. acuminata than M. balbisiana. Thus the total score for a cultivar will range from 15 if all characters agree with M. acuminata to 75 if all characters agree with M. balbisiana. The following is a list of banana cultivars and the groups into which they are classified. Names are highly confused, even within a single country. Blood banana (Musa acuminata “Zebrina”) produces blue-green leaves striped with red, sprouting from a red trunk. Siam Ruby (Musa acuminata “Siam Ruby”) was discovered in Thailand in 2005. This tree dies after it flowers in the summer, but it sends up sprouts from its roots. listed more cultivar names and synonyms, with an emphasis on those grown in the islands of the Pacific, but including some grown in areas such as India, Africa and South America. Cultivars of Musa lolodensis, Musa maclayi and Musa peekelii belong in Musa section Callimusa. All ornamental banana trees are decorative, but some of the species possess outstanding features. Intermediate scores suggest mixed ancestry: for example, 45 would be expected for diploids with equal genetic contributions from both species. The purpose of micropropagation is often to produce a large number of genetically identical offspring. The Encyclopedia of Container Plants; Ray Rogers, The Visual Encyclopedia of Garden Plants; Andrew Mikolajski. Large clusters of yellow flowers surrounded by red-purple bracts changing into small sweet bananas when grown in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 10 and 11. A character score of around 35 is expected for members of this group. Cheesman. Banana, plantain tree: Plant Type: Herbaceous perennial flowering plant: Mature Size: Wide range of sizes: 'Truly Tiny' cultivar is only about 1.5 feet tall, while 'Cuban Red' can be up to 25 feet tall.
2020 types of banana plants